He stated that as Mayor he had violated Prussian laws in order to allow NSDAP events in public buildings and Nazi flags to be flown from city flagpoles and that in 1932 he had declared publicly that the Nazis should join the Reich government in a leading role. In the Luxemburger Abkommen, West Germany agreed to pay compensation to Israel. [91], In 1956, during the Suez Crisis, Adenauer fully supported the Anglo-French-Israeli attack on Egypt, arguing to his Cabinet that Nasser was a pro-Soviet force that needed to be cut down to size. A major housebuilding programme was launched, while measures introduced to assist war victims[132] and expellees. Cologne dialect for "There's nothin' to weep about!"). (1999). Der Politiker stellte von 1949 bis 1963 den ersten Bundeskanzler der Bundesrepublik Deutschland; von 1951 bis 1955 war er auch der erster Bundesminister des Auswärtigen. At the Petersberg Agreement in November 1949 he achieved some of the first concessions granted by the Allies, such as a decrease in the number of factories to be dismantled, but in particular his agreement to join the International Authority for the Ruhr led to heavy criticism. [55] Adenauer had been opposed to the Nuremberg Trials in 1945–46, and after becoming Chancellor, he demanded the release of the so-called "Spandau Seven," as the seven war criminals convicted at Nuremberg and imprisoned at Spandau Prison were known. Lesezeit:1 Minuten 0. Additionally, Adenauer promised that the West German military would be under the operational control of NATO general staff, though ultimate control would rest with the West German government; and that above all he would never violate the strictly defensive NATO charter and invade East Germany to achieve German reunification. Konrad Adenauer erinnert sich in späteren Interviews gern daran, dass er bis zum Alter von 16 Jahren mit seinem Bruder ein Bett teilen musste. [2] During his years in power, West Germany achieved democracy, stability, international respect and economic prosperity ("Wirtschaftswunder", German for "economic miracle").[3]. [27] The other surviving Zentrum leaders were considered unsuitable for the tasks that lay ahead. Sein Vater Konrad war ein Beamter im mittleren Dienst. Stationen seines Wirkens in Köln. Rede von Konrad Adenauer. [28], Reflecting his background as a Catholic Rhinelander who had long chafed under Prussian rule, Adenauer believed that Prussianism was the root cause of National Socialism, and that only by driving out Prussianism could Germany become a democracy. [90] Adenauer was also ready to consider the Oder-Neisse line as the German border in order to pursue a more flexible policy with Poland but he did not command sufficient domestic support for this, and opposition to the Oder-Neisse line continued, causing considerable disappointment among Adenauer's Western allies. Wir verdanken Dir weit mehr als den Namen unserer Bundesgeschäftsstelle. [37] Adenauer argued the continuation of denazification would "foster a growing and extreme nationalism" as the millions who supported the Nazi regime would find themselves excluded from German life forever. Die Briefe Konrad Adenauers an Dora Pferdmenges 1933–1949, bearb. [62][63] Officials were allowed to retake jobs in civil service, with the exception of people assigned to Group I (Major Offenders) and II (Offenders) during the denazification review process. Januar 2018 hat der ehemalige Bundestagspräsident Norbert Lammert den Vorsitz inne, Generalsekretä… By early February Adenauer finally realized that all discussions and any attempts at compromise with the Nazis were futile. Taschenbuch Derzeit nicht verfügbar. Geburtstag! Adenauer, as mayor of Cologne and president of the Prussian State Council, still believed that improvements in the national economy would make his strategy work: ignore the Nazis and concentrate on the Communist threat. Letter to the Prussian Interior Minister of 10 August 1934 (after his firing), available online in: The Nazi-ferreting questionnaire cited 136 mandatory reasons for exclusion from employment and created red-tape nightmares for both the hapless and the guilty; see, Ludtke, Alf "'Coming to Terms with the Past': Illusions of Remembering, Ways of Forgetting Nazism in West Germany" pages 542–572 from. In 1954, he received the Karlspreis (English: Charlemagne Award), an award by the German city of Aachen to people who contributed to the European idea, European cooperation and European peace. There were two clashing visions of a future Germany held by Adenauer and his main rival, the Social Democrat Kurt Schumacher. The British historian Frederick Taylor argued that in many ways the Adenauer era was a transition period in values and viewpoints from the authoritarianism that characterized Germany in the first half of the 20th century to the more democratic values that characterized the western half Germany in the second half of the 20th century. Bonn 2007. Home > Preisträger > Konrad Adenauer 1954 > Rede von Konrad Adenauer. [24] The probable reason for this was that Adenauer considered the Germans the equals of the occupying Allies, a view that Templer did not appreciate, resulting in his sacking. [117], In 1961, Adenauer had his concerns about both the status of Berlin and US leadership confirmed, as the Soviets and East Germans built the Berlin Wall. [76], In the spring of 1954, opposition to the Pleven plan grew within the French National Assembly. [29] In a December 1946 letter, Adenauer wrote that the Prussian state in the early 19th century had become an "almost God-like entity" that valued state power over the rights of individuals. His father, Konrad sr., was a clerical civil servant, and his mother, née Helene Scharfenberg, had also been brought up in a civil servant's family. Adenauer had not initiated the arrests, but initially defended the person responsible, Defense Minister Franz Josef Strauss, and called the Spiegel memo "abyss of treason". Adenauer firmly integrated the country with the emerging Euro-Atlantic community (NATO and the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation). Oktober 1963: Abschiedsrede Konrad Adenauers als Bundeskanzler in der 86. Adenauer had come into the year distrusting the new US President, John F. Kennedy. [81], In May 1955, West Germany joined NATO and in November a West German military, the Bundeswehr, was founded. Adenauer is closely linked to the implementation of an enhanced pension system, which ensured unparalleled prosperity for retired people. Jewish claims were bundled in the Jewish Claims Conference, which represented the Jewish victims of Nazi Germany. Mit drei Geschwistern, zwei älteren Brüdern und einer jüngeren Schwester, wuchs er in bescheidenen Verhältnissen auf. Rede von Konrad Adenauer. While this tendency decreased under his successors, it established the image of West Germany (and later reunified Germany) as a "chancellor democracy". [116] Other Christian Democrats made it clear to Adenauer that they would like to see Oberländer out of the cabinet, and finally in May 1960 Oberländer resigned. [53] Adenauer kept Globke on as State Secretary as part of his strategy of integration. [8] From 1917 to 1933, he served as Mayor of Cologne and became a member of the Prussian House of Lords. Adenauer's German policy was based upon Politik der Stärke (Policy of Strength), and upon the so-called "magnet theory", in which a prosperous, democratic West Germany integrated with the West would act as a "magnet" that would eventually bring down the East German regime.[66]. [121] In his last years in office, Adenauer used to take a nap after lunch and, when he was traveling abroad and had a public function to attend, he sometimes asked for a bed in a room close to where he was supposed to be speaking, so that he could rest briefly before he appeared.[122]. Along with his Minister for Economic Affairs and successor Ludwig Erhard, the West German model of a "social market economy" (a mixed economy with capitalism moderated by elements of social welfare and Catholic social teaching) allowed for the boom period known as the Wirtschaftswunder ("economic miracle") that produced broad prosperity. Bad Honnef - Heute vor 145 Jahren wurde der erste Kanzler der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Konrad Adenauer, in Köln geboren. For all of his efforts as West Germany's leader, Adenauer was named Time magazine's Man of the Year in 1953. [114], In late 1959, a controversy broke out when it emerged that Theodor Oberländer, the Minister of Refugees since 1953 and one of the most powerful leaders of the expellee lobby had committed war crimes against Jews and Poles during World War II. [106], In response to the Ulm Einsatzkommando trial in 1958, Adenauer set up the Central Office of the State Justice Administrations for the Investigation of National Socialist Crimes. Literatur. [47] Churchill said Britain would not join the European Coal and Steel Community because doing so would mean sacrificing relations with the U.S and Commonwealth. With the ascendancy of Charles de Gaulle, the agreement for joint production and control was shelved indefinitely. According to his daughter, his last words were "Da jitt et nix zo kriesche!" Adenauer by then understood that "all opportunity for initiative had passed out of his hands,"[68] and the matter was put to rest by the Allies. [a], In 2003, Adenauer was voted the 'greatest German of all time' in a contest called Unsere Besten run on German public-service television broadcaster ZDF in which more than three million votes were cast. Als Mitbegründer der CDU und erster deutscher Bundeskanzler verband Konrad Adenauer (1876-1967) christlich-soziale, konservative und liberale Traditionen. Konrad Adenauer wurde am 5. During this time, Adenauer came into conflict with the Economics Minister Ludwig Erhard over the depth of German integration to the West. [38] By 31 January 1951, the amnesty legislation had benefited 792,176 people. Dieses Amt übte er vom Jahr 1917 bis hin ins Jahr 1933 aus. After the failed assassination attempt on Hitler in 1944, he was imprisoned for a second time as an opponent of the regime. Juli 1969 betrat ein Amerikaner als erster Mensch den Mond. It was said that Adenauer was elected Chancellor by the new German parliament by "a majority of one vote – his own". [135] The 1952 Maternity Leave Law foresaw 12 weeks of paid leave for working mothers, who were also safeguarded from unfair dismissal,[136] and improvements in unemployment benefits were carried out. [59] In response to Adenauer's demands and pressure from the German public, McCloy on 31 January 1951 reduced the death sentences of most of the 102 men at Landsberg, hanging only 7 of the prisoners while the rest of those condemned to death were spared. The first election to the Bundestag of West Germany was held on 15 August 1949, with the Christian Democrats emerging as the strongest party. Er wächst in bescheidenen Verhältnissen auf: Sein Vater ist in dieser Zeit Sekretär am Appellationsgericht (heute Oberlandesgericht). | mehr. He remained chairman of the CDU until his resignation in December 1966. [104] In 1957, the Federal Republic signed the Treaty of Rome and became a founding member of the European Economic Community. Adenauer could thus have governed in a coalition with only one other party, but retained/gained the support of nearly all of the parties in the Bundestag that were to the right of the SPD. In September 1958, Adenauer first met President Charles de Gaulle of France, who was to become a close friend and ally in pursuing Franco-German rapprochement. von Hans Peter Mensing (Rhöndorfer Ausgabe). Wenn Sie die Website weiter nutzen, stimmen Sie der Verwendung von Cookies zu. Geboren am: 05.01.1876. Cologne's city council and the Prussian parliament had been dissolved; on 4 April 1933, he was officially dismissed as mayor and his bank accounts frozen. There are related clues (shown below). Konrad Adenauer studierte Rechtswissenschaften in Köln und in Freiburg am Breisgau. Er war 14 Jahre im Amt und die prägende Persönlichkeit in den Gründerjahren der Bundesrepublik. Konrad Adenauer | Bundesarchiv/Gerhard Heisler. Ich höre heute in diesem Raume soviel Gutes über mich, daß ich mir, zu Hause angekommen, einmal überlegen muß, was daran echter Kern und was oratorisches Beiwerk ist. Die äußere Erscheinung war eher schlicht gehalten, zunächst weiß mit blauem Streifen und der Aufschrift Luftwaffe, danach weiß … They included 3,000 functionaries of the SA, the SS, and the Nazi Party who participated in dragging victims to jails and camps; 20,000 Nazis sentenced for "deeds against life" (presumably murder); 30,000 sentenced for causing bodily injury, and about 5,200 charged with "crimes and misdemeanors in office. Lieber Konrad #Adenauer, alles Gute zum 145. [105] Adenauer saw de Gaulle as a "rock" and the only foreign leader whom he could completely trust. Seine Mutter, Helene Scharfenberg, stammte gleichfalls aus einem Beamtenhaushalt. As co-founder of the CDU and the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Konrad Adenauer (1876-1967) united Christian-social, conservative and liberal traditions. British politician and historian Roy Jenkins says he was "the oldest statesman ever to function in elected office." [109] As the 27 May deadline approached, the crisis was defused by the British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan, who visited Moscow to meet with Khrushchev and managed to extend the deadline while not committing himself or the other Western powers to concessions. The construction of a "competent Federal Government effectively from a standing start was one of the greatest of Adenauer's formidable achievements". Er gehörte zu den Begründern der CDU, deren Partei­vorsitzender er von 1950 bis 1966 war. [130], Adenauer ensured a truly free and democratic society, except the banning of the communist party and the BND spying on SDP on behalf of the CDU (see #Intelligence services and spying), and laid the groundwork for Germany to reenter the community of nations and to evolve as a dependable member of the Western world. He was the chairman of this constitutional convention and vaulted from this position to being chosen as the first head of government once the new "Basic Law" had been promulgated in May 1949. This rising affluence was accompanied by a 20% fall in working hours during that same period, together with a fall in the unemployment rate from 8% in 1950 to 0.4% in 1965. Ein Name, der sofort ein Bild entstehen lässt: markantes Gesicht, aufrechte Gestalt, erhobener Zeigefinger, manchmal ein verschmitztes Lächeln. Das europäische Einigungswerk ist aufs Engste mit seinem Namen verbunden. Arminia Bonn in Bonn. In 1952, the Stalin Note, as it became known, "caught everybody in the West by surprise". Those treaties were cited as a main reason for the assassination attempt by the radical Jewish groups against Adenauer.[71]. The French government then proposed that France, West Germany and Italy jointly develop and produce nuclear weapons and delivery systems, and an agreement was signed in April 1958. The first chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany’s name and principles are our guidelines, duty, and obligation. He fell ill and credited Eugen Zander, a former municipal worker in Cologne and communist, with saving his life. With reasonable financial security he managed to live in seclusion for some years. [98] This helped to lead to the formation of the European Economic Community in 1957, which was intended to be the foundation stone of the European "Third Force".[99]. One of the formative influences of Adenauer's youth was the Kulturkampf, an experience that as related to him by his parents left him with a lifelong dislike for "Prussianism", and led … [5] His siblings were August (1872–1952), Johannes (1873–1937), Lilli (1879–1950) and Elisabeth, who died shortly after birth in c. 1880. [10] Adenauer claimed this was the only way to prevent France from annexing the Rhineland. Adenauer thought the Nazis should be part of the Prussian and Reich governments based on election returns, even when he was already the target of intense personal attacks. (pronounced [dɔ² ˈjɪdət nɪks tsə ˈkʁiːʃə],[what does "²" mean?] Konrad Adenauer trug während seiner Kanzlerschaft auf entscheidende Weise zur Wiedererlangung der Souveränität Westdeutschlands, zur Aussöhnung mit Frankreich und zum Ausbau der sozialen Marktwirtschaft durch Ludwig Erhard bei. März 1948 STERBEORT Rhöndorf Sitzung des Deutschen Bundestages. Eine offizielle Gedenkfeier musste wegen Corona ausfallen. He displayed a strong dedication to a broad vision of market-based liberal democracy and anti-communism. 4. Meine Damen und Herren! Adenauer died on 19 April 1967 in his family home at Rhöndorf. It was Adenauer himself who personally instructed the BND to spy on his SPD rival, the future chancellor Willy Brandt.[141]. When, in 1967, after his death at the age of 91, Germans were asked what they admired most about Adenauer, the majority responded that he had brought home the last German prisoners of war from the USSR, which had become known as the "Return of the 10,000". the right of expellees to return to their former homes. [100] Concluding that the United States would eventually pull out of Western Europe, Adenauer pursued nuclear cooperation with other countries. Januar 1876 Köln geboren. [11] When the terms of the Treaty of Versailles were presented to Germany in June 1919, Adenauer again suggested to Berlin his plan for an autonomous Rhineland state and again his plans were rejected by the Reich government. Zander, then a section Kapo of a labor camp near Bonn, discovered Adenauer's name on a deportation list to the East and managed to get him admitted to a hospital. Adenauer was subsequently rearrested (as was his wife), but in the absence of any evidence against him, was released from prison at Brauweiler in November 1944. Januar 1876 in Köln geboren. In January 1963, Adenauer privately supported General Charles de Gaulle's veto of Britain's attempt to join the European Economic Community, and was only prevented from saying so openly by the need to preserve unity in his cabinet as most of his ministers led by Erhard supported Britain's application. [78] In August 1954, the Pleven plan died when an alliance of conservatives and Communists in the National Assembly joined forces to reject the EDC treaty under the grounds that West German rearmament in any form was an unacceptable danger to France. Adenauer reached an agreement for his "nuclear ambitions" with a NATO Military Committee in December 1956 that stipulated West German forces were to be "equipped for nuclear warfare". von Konrad-Adenauer-Sitftung e.V. Sein Vater Konrad war ein Beamter im mittleren Dienst. Bis zum Jahr 2015 war er als Notar in Köln bestellt, bevor er sich im Jahr 2017 Andersen als Rechtsanwalt anschloss. From 1946 to 1966, he was the first leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), a Christian democratic party he co-founded, that under his leadership became one of the most influential parties in the country. Verstorben am: 19.04.1967. [15] To save the Rhineland economy, Adenauer opened talks with the French High Commissioner Paul Tirard in late October 1923 for a Rhenish republic in a sort of economic union with France which would achieve Franco-German reconciliation, which Adenauer called a "grand design". Together with three siblings, two elder brothers and one younger sister, Konrad Adenauer grew up in modest circumstances. Herr Bundespräsident! Berlin 1991. [48], From the beginning of his Chancellorship, Adenauer had been pressing for German rearmament. [119], The construction of the Berlin Wall in August 1961 and the sealing of borders by the East Germans made Adenauer's government look weak. [70] Israeli public opinion was divided over accepting the money, but ultimately the fledgling state under David Ben-Gurion agreed to take it, opposed by more radical groups like Irgun, who were against such treaties. Anschließend begann er ein Referendariat in Köln. Häufig aufgerufene Biografien dieser Woche: Der größten politischen Skandale in der US-amerikanischen Geschichte.Der Skandal wurde während des Präsidentschaftswahlkampfes von 1972 vom Wahlkampfkomitee Präsident Richard Nixon ausgelöst. Adenauer chose to remain on the campaign trail, and made a disastrous misjudgement in a speech on 14 August 1961 in Regensburg when he engaged in a personal attack on the SPD Mayor of West Berlin, Willy Brandt saying that Brandt's illegitimate birth had disqualified him from holding any sort of office. With the help of lawyers in August 1937 he was successful in claiming a pension; he received a cash settlement for his house, which had been taken over by the city of Cologne; his unpaid mortgage, penalties and taxes were waived. Nach der Trauerfeier im Kölner Dom zieht die Trauergesellschaft begleitet von der Bundeswehr und vielen Zuschauern zum Rheinufer, wo der Sarg von Konrad Adenauer nach Rhöndorf überführt wird. Als Kind is… Cookies: Um das Nutzerverhalten zu analysieren verwenden wir Google Analytics ohne Erhebung personenbezogener Daten. Am 5. Die Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e. V. (KAS) ist eine parteinahe Stiftung in der Rechtsform eines Vereins, die ideell der Christlich Demokratischen Union nahesteht und überwiegend durch Mittel des Bundes und der Länder finanziert wird. [93], At the height of the Suez crisis, Adenauer visited Paris to meet the French Premier Guy Mollet in a show of moral support for France. [107], On 27 November 1958 another Berlin crisis broke out when Khrushchev submitted an ultimatum with a six-month expiry date to Washington, London and Paris, where he demanded that the Allies pull all their forces out of West Berlin and agree that West Berlin become a "free city", or else he would sign a separate peace treaty with East Germany. Adenauer's leading role in the CDU of the British zone won him a position at the Parliamentary Council of 1948, which had been called into existence by the Western Allies to draft a constitution for the three western zones of Germany. Konrad-Adenauer-Brücke 2011: Offizieller Name Konrad-Adenauer-Brücke Nutzung Straßenbrücke: Überführt Landesstraße L 925 Querung von Ruhr: Ort Essen, Rellinghausen, Überruhr-Hinsel: Konstruktion Balkenbrücke: Gesamtlänge 578,12 m Breite ca. Adenauer im Dritten Reich, bearb. "[138] Following a Federal Act of 1961, social assistance provided a safety net of minimum income "for those not adequately catered for by social insurance. Schumacher by contrast, though an anti-communist, wanted to see a united, socialist and neutral Germany. On 27 March 1952, a package addressed to Chancellor Adenauer exploded in the Munich Police Headquarters, killing one Bavarian police officer. "[102] The physicists of the Max Planck Institute for Theoretical Physics at Göttingen and other renowned universities would have had the scientific capability for in-house development, but the will was absent,[103] nor was there public support. Seine Mutter, Helene Scharfenberg, stammte gleichfalls aus einem Beamtenhaushalt. Wir schreiben den 18 September 1917, die Kölner Stadtverordnetenversammlung wählte Konrad Adenauer für 12 Jahre zum jüngsten Oberbürgermeister, den es je in einer Großstadt gab. Einige seiner rund 40 Erfindungen waren so überzeugend, dass sie patentiert wurden. In a speech on 1 February 1919 Adenauer called for the dissolution of Prussia, and for the Prussian Rhineland to become a new autonomous Land (state) in the Reich. Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (German: [ˈkɔnʁaːt ˈʔaːdənaʊɐ] (listen); 5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a German statesman who served as the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) from 1949 to 1963. In October 1962, a scandal erupted when police arrested five Der Spiegel journalists, charging them with espionage for publishing a memo detailing weaknesses in the West German armed forces. [110] Adenauer believed Macmillan to be a spineless "appeaser", who had made a secret deal with Khrushchev at the expense of the Federal Republic.[111][112]. Was wissen Sie noch über die Entscheidungen in der Ära Adenauer? Die Eltern erziehen ihre Kinder streng katholisch und autoritär. Sein Name steht für den demokratischen Wiederaufbau Deutschlands, die außenpolitische Verankerung in einer transatlantischen Wertegemeinschaft, die Vision der europäischen Einigung und die Orientierung an der Sozialen … One hundred countries were represented,[142] they included. Doch im Laufe der Jahre verblassen die Erinnerungen, das Wissen verschwimmt. Dabei widmete er sich mit einer beharrlichen Ernsthaftigkeit dieser praktischen Tätigkeit. twittern 0 ; teilen ; RSS-feed ; Bad Honnef-Rhöndorf – Dienstag, 5.1.2021, vor 145 Jahren wurde der erste Kanzler der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in Köln geboren. Denounced him for having missed an opportunity for German rearmament verdanken Dir weit mehr als den Namen unserer.. Image, the amnesty legislation had benefited 792,176 people Jewish claims were bundled in the tower '' i.e... Der Verwendung von cookies zu heute im Herzen Europas und an der Seite unserer amerikanischen Freunde im Zuge Kalten... Forever. 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