The male-to-female ratio of the scalloped hammerhead is 1:1.29. The most distinguishing characteristic of this shark, as in all hammerheads, is the 'hammer' on its head. Scalloped hammerhead sharks are using the sheltered, crustacean-filled mangroves along Santa Cruz Island to breed. Sphyrna comes from the Greek and translates into hammer. The Greek word sphyrna translates into "hammer" in English, referring to the shape of this shark's head. Physically, the mature females have considerably wider uteri than their maturing counterparts. Research carried out by the non-government organisation Misión Tiburón, using conventional and acoustic shark tagging methods, found that adult scalloped hammerheads migrate from the pelagic waters surrounding Cocos Island to the mangroves in the tropical fjord of Golfo Dulce - a tropical fjord on the pacific coast of Costa Rica. Researchers attribute this growth in demand to the increase in shark fins as an expensive delicacy (such as in shark fin soup) and are calling for a ban on shark finning, a practice in which the shark's fins are cut off and the rest of the animal is thrown back in the water to die. [14] Although they have high metabolic rates, they have a tendency to be sedentary and allow currents to carry them as they swim. The views expressed in the contents above are those of our users and do not necessarily reflect the views of MailOnline. [17] Compared to other species, the scalloped hammerhead produces large litters,[17] and this is most likely due to high infant mortality. Originally known as Zygaena lewini, its genus name was later changed to its current name. It can be found down to depths over 500 m (1,600 ft), but is most often found above 25 m (82 ft). As a result, deprivation results from migration and young growth. 'Scalloped hammerheads, like all sharks, are critical to the health of the Great Barrier Reef as they keep food webs in check. The scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini) is a species of hammerhead shark, and part of the family Sphyrnidae. [18] Nursery grounds for this species are predictable and repeated over the years, and they are faithful to their natal sites. This shark feeds primarily on fish such as sardines, mackerel, and herring, and occasionally they feed on cephalopods such as squid and octopus. 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They also make use of earths magnetic field. [9] During the day, they are more often found close to shore, and at night, they hunt further offshore. He said the species should be vigorously protected as they assist in keeping the marine ecosystem in check. Sexual maturity generally occurs once the scalloped hammerhead attains 240 cm in total or longer. [8] The scalloped hammerhead shark, like many other species, uses the shore as a breeding ground. Ryan Dowling, from Cairns, said he watched the animal cruelty take place. The scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini) is a species of hammerhead shark, and part of the family Sphyrnidae. These sharks have a very high metabolic rate, governing behavior in acquiring food. The scalloped hammerhead is a coastal pelagic species; it occurs over continental and insular shelves and in nearby deeper water. [18] Their natal sites still cause high infant mortality; a lack of resources prevents all the young from surviving. [6] A female caught off of Miami was found to have measured 3.26 m (10.7 ft) and reportedly weighed 200 kg (440 lb), though was in a gravid state at that point.[7]. It primarily lives in warm, temperate, and tropical coastal waters all around the globe between latitudes 46°N and 36°S, down to a depth of 500 m (1,600 ft). In parts of the Atlantic Ocean, their populations have declined by over 95% in the past 30 years. "Age and growth of the scalloped hammerhead, "Hammerhead Shark Makes Endangered Species List", https://oceana.org/marine-life/sharks-rays/smooth-hammerhead-shark, images and movies of the scalloped hammerhead, Shark Info page about the scalloped hammerhead, Species Description of Sphyrna lewini at www.shark-references.com, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scalloped_hammerhead&oldid=990508620, IUCN Red List critically endangered species, Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [10] Here, female sharks give birth to live young: juveniles remain in the shallow root system of the mangroves for around three years. Scalloped hammerhead sharks have a homing behavior to navigate in the ocean. Like most sharks, parental care is not seen. It is the most common of all hammerheads. Dr Leo Guida, from the Australian Marine Conservation Society identified the baby as an endangered scalloped hammerhead. The Greek word sphyrna translates into "hammer" in English, referring to the shape of this shark's head. Fishers living along the length of the Rewa were the first to bring the presence of young hammerheads to the attention of Kelly Brown, a marine conservationist at the University of the South Pacific in Suva, Fiji. Hammerheads are among the most commonly caught sharks for finning. [8] Due to high metabolic rates, young scalloped hammerhead sharks need a lot of food, or they will starve.

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